The past week in class we learned about the Lewis Structure. There are 2 different ways to draw the Lewis dot structure. To determine which one you do depends it the bond is ionic or covalent. To determine whether its an ionic or covalent you must look at the characteristics of the bond. An ionic bond is hard and brittle, must be a good conductor,is most soluble in water, has a high melting and boiling point, and must be a metal and nonmetal. A ionic bond is a transfer of electrons. A covalent bond is soft, a poor conductor,is most insoluble in water, has a low melting point and boiling point. A covalent bond is a sharing of electrons. You must count all of the valance electrons, which is the same as its group number.We also learned the octet rule which is most atoms want 8 electrons in their valance shell. Bonds are formed so each atom can complete their octet. Atoms can complete their octet by gaining, loosing or sharing electrons. All atoms want 8 electrons except H and He which only want 2 and Boron which only wants 6. A Ionic bond is a electrical attraction between a positive and negative. A covalent bond is a sharing of electrons. To draw the Lewis dot structure for a ionic bond you must transfer electrons from one atom to another to complete the octet rule.
A Lewis dot structure for a covalent bond is similar to an ionic bond but instead of transferring the electrons they share them with a line.The lines you draw represent two electrons. H or He never go in the middle due to the fact they can only have one line to them because they only need 2 electrons. As well as single bonds that only have one line between two elements, there are double and triple bonds.Double bonds share two lines which is four electrons and triple bonds share three lines which is 6 electrons. Halogens NEVER form multiple bonds.
An incomplete octet is a bond that doesn't complete the octet rule, which is eight electrons each. A Expanded octet is a bond with more than four elements sharing electrons.
I really enjoyed the way you taught this lesson with the worksheets. I understood this lesson more than any other lesson so far this year. I still have questions about a Poly atomic ion because I do not know how to draw it. On top of learning about covalent and ionic bonds, I also finally learned that to the left of the stair step is metals and to the right is nonmetal. The hardest thing to remember for me is that Hydrogen and Helium only want two electrons and Boron that only wants 6 unlike the rest that want 8 electrons. I perfer drawing covalent bond Lewis Structure because I personally think its easier to draw the lines than the dots. I think I liked this lesson so much because once you remember the basics you can do it to any element.
